Sudan
| Country summary | |
|---|---|
|
Capital |
Khartoum |
|
Borders |
Central African Republic 1,165 km, Chad 1,360 km, Democratic Republic of the Congo 628 km, Egypt 1,273 km, Eritrea 605 km, Ethiopia 1,606 km, Kenya 232 km, Libya 383 km, Uganda 435 km |
|
Government type |
Government of National Unity (GNU) - the National Congress Party (NCP) and Sudan People's Liberation Movement (SPLM) formed a power-sharing government under the 2005 Comprehensive Peace Agreement (CPA); the NCP, which came to power by military coup in 1989, is the majority partner; the agreement stipulated national elections in 2009, but these were subsequently rescheduled for April 2010 |
|
Population |
41,087,825 (July 2010 est.)[1] |
|
Population growth |
2.143% (2010 est.)[1] |
|
Life expectancy |
51.42 years[1] |
|
Unemployment |
18.7% (2002 est.)[1] |
|
Not Ranked[2] | |
|
176[3] | |
|
154[4] | |
Military regimes favoring Islamic-oriented governments have dominated national politics since independence from the UK in 1956. Sudan was embroiled in two prolonged civil wars during most of the remainder of the 20th century. These conflicts were rooted in northern economic, political, and social domination of largely non-Muslim, non-Arab southern Sudanese. The first civil war ended in 1972 but broke out again in 1983. The second war and famine-related effects resulted in more than four million people displaced and, according to rebel estimates, more than two million deaths over a period of two decades. Peace talks gained momentum in 2002-04 with the signing of several accords. The final North/South Comprehensive Peace Agreement (CPA), signed in January 2005, granted the southern rebels autonomy for six years. After which, a referendum for independence is scheduled to be held. A separate conflict, which broke out in the western region of Darfur in 2003, has displaced nearly two million people and caused an estimated 200,000 to 400,000 deaths. The UN took command of the Darfur peacekeeping operation from the African Union on 31 December 2007. As of early 2009, peacekeeping troops were struggling to stabilize the situation, which has become increasingly regional in scope and has brought instability to eastern Chad. Sudan also has faced large refugee influxes from neighboring countries primarily Ethiopia and Chad. Armed conflict, poor transport infrastructure, and lack of government support have chronically obstructed the provision of humanitarian assistance to affected populations.[1]
Economical characteristics
- Currency: Sudanese pound (ISO code: SDG)
- Central bank discount rate: [1]
- Commercial banks lending rate: [1]
- Stock of money (M1): $6.256 billion (31 December 2008)[1]
- Quasi money (with M1 makes M2): $4.264 billion (31 December 2008)[1]
Statistics
| Statistic / Year | 1999 | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2004 | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GDP (million USD)[5] | 10 682 | 12 366 | 13 362 | 14 976 | 17 780 | 21 684 | 27 386 | 36 401 | 46 228 | 55 927 |
| Govt. debt (% of GDP)[6] | 8.659 | |||||||||
| Govt. revenue (% of GDP)[7] | 7.990 | |||||||||
| Govt. expenses (% of GDP)[8] | 7.590 | |||||||||
| Debt to revenue (years) | 1.084 |
References
Note: statistical data was rounded. Different sources may use different methodologies for their estimates. Debt to revenue is calculated by dividing the two variables from their original ('unrounded') values. It represents how long it would a government take to repay its entire debt if it used its whole revenue for this purpose.
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 CIA - The World Factbook. "Sudan", from The World Factbook. Referenced 2010-10-04.
- ↑ Heritage Foundation. "Sudan", Economic Freedom Score. A lower ranking is better; but please be careful when comparing between different countries or years. Referenced 2010-10-04.
- ↑ Transparency International. "Sudan", Corruption Perceptions Index 2009. A lower ranking is better; but please note that the numbers cannot be compared between countries or years due to different methodology. Referenced 2010-10-04.
- ↑ Doing Business. "Sudan", Doing Business 2010 (part of The World Bank Group). A lower ranking is better; but please be careful when comparing between different countries or years. Referenced 2010-10-04.
- ↑ World Bank. "Sudan: GDP", from World Bank Data. Referenced 2010-10-04.
- ↑ World Bank. "Sudan: government debt", from World Bank Data. Referenced 2010-10-04.
- ↑ World Bank. "Sudan: government revenue", from World Bank Data. Referenced 2010-10-04.
- ↑ World Bank. "Sudan: government expenses", from World Bank Data. Referenced 2010-10-04.
Links
- Sudan on Wikipedia
- Central bank of Sudan
- Studies from the Library of Congress (1986-1998)
- BBC country profile
- In Sudan, seeking buried treasure in a land of poverty by Alsanosi Ahmed and Jeffrey Fleishman, June 2010
- Over 99 pct in Southern Sudan vote for secession by Maggie Fick, January 2011
